What is the term for a female bird over the age of one year?

The term for a female bird over the age of one year is "hen." This designation is commonly used in poultry farming and showmanship to differentiate mature female birds from younger ones. A hen has typically reached full maturity and is capable of laying eggs. This classification is significant in the poultry industry where age and maturity can affect breeding, production, and show categories.

In contrast, a pullet refers specifically to a young female bird, generally under one year old. The terms cockerel and cock refer to male chickens, with cockerels being younger males and cocks representing mature males. Understanding these classifications aids in proper management and care of poultry, especially in competitive environments like shows or fairs.