What is the defining characteristic of a capon?

A capon is specifically defined as a castrated male bird. This process is done primarily to improve the quality of the meat, making it more tender and flavorful, which is especially desirable for culinary purposes. Castration alters the bird's hormone levels, leading to a different muscle composition and fat distribution compared to intact males, enhancing its market value since capons are often preferred in cooking for their desirable characteristics.

The other options describe different types of birds but do not capture the essence of what a capon is. For instance, a male bird under one year does not account for whether it has been castrated, while a female bird over one year pertains distinctly to hens and does not relate to the capon definition. Similarly, a chick under three months describes a young bird that has not reached sexual maturity and is unrelated to the culinary context of capons. Hence, the defining characteristic of a capon being a castrated male bird is what sets it apart in poultry management and culinary discussions.